Nuclear Data Activities in Nishina Center
Nuclear data study for Accelerator Driven System at J-PARC
Unified description of the fission probability for highly excited nuclei
Production and Applications of Radioisotopes at RIKEN RI Beam Factory - Search for New Elements through Diagnosis and Therapy of Cancer -
Measurements of production cross sections of medical radioisotopes via charged-particle induced reactions
Development of Radioisotopes Production Method by Accelerator-based Neutron: Activity at Kyushu University 2020
Microscopic mean-field model is one of strong methods for providing and improving fission-related nuclear data.
It needs appropriate effective interaction, but there is no effective interaction designed for fission path.
In order to tackle this problem, we calculate the U-236 potential energy surface with respect to the elongation of a nucleus and the mass asymmetry with existing Skyrme...
Mass-angle distribution (MAD) measurement of heavy and superheavy element fragmentation reactions is one of the powerful tools for investigating the mechanism of fission and fusion process. MAD shows a strong correlation between mass and angle when the quasi-fission event is dominant. It has characteristic that appears diagonal correlation as long as the quasi-fission event is dominant. This...
It has been shown that fission has multiple modes, characterized by mass asymmetric fission and mass symmetric fission[1]. In neutron-rich heavy element region,it is argued that several fission modes coexist, with a significant change of their yields in accordance with the number of neutrons contained in the fissionig nucleus. A typical example is found in the isotope dependence of fission for...
Through joint research by the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) and Kindai University, it has become clear that the yield distribution of fission products (fission fragments) changes significantly depending on the neutrons emitted from the compound nucleus. In the so-called multichance fission (MCF) concept, fission takes place after emitting several neutrons. This revives the shell structure...
Nuclear fission plays an essential role in nucleosynthesis by the rapid-neutron-capture process (r-process), which is a cosmic origin of heavy elements beyond iron. For very neutron-rich environments in neutron star mergers, the strong r-process can be achieved, and the nucleosynthesis path goes into the trans-uranium region. In such conditions, fission is important to shape the r-process...
Inelastic scattering is useful tool to explore the nuclear structure in the excited states. In particular, the inelastic excitation to the continuum energy states above the particle decay threshold, which is often called breakup reaction, is very important because we can pin down a specific nuclear structure by controlling the exit channels, which are the combination of the emitted fragments....
Cobalt (Co) is one of the structural materials in nuclear and accelerator facilities. It is contained in carbon steel and concrete as well as SUS304. $^{59}$Co is only stable isotope of Cobalt. The nuclear data of $^{59}$Co are considered to be important specifically for radioactivity estimation of $^{58,60}$Co related to decommissioning of the facilities. JENDL-4.0 includes the nuclear data...
Oak Ridge National Laboratory released the SCALE6.2 code [1] in 2016 (the latest version is SCALE6.2.4). The ORIGEN code [1] in SCALE6.2 is completely different from the ORIGEN-S code [2] until SCALE6.0 [2].
1) ORIGEN uses one group cross section data generated from a specified neutron spectrum and a multigroup activation library with the COUPLE code [1], not three group cross section data...
To predict the operating lifetime of materials in high-energy radiation environments at accelerator facilities, Monte Carlo codes such as PHITS, MARS, and FLUKA are used to calculate the number of displacements per atom (dpa) related to the number of Frenkel pairs. The Norgertt–Robinson–Torrens (NRT) model has been widely used to predict the number of “initial” Frenkel pairs (NRT-dpa). For...
We require reliable nuclear data that can appropriately evaluate the radiation characteristics of fuel debris for the purpose such as development of new sensors, non-destructive assay technologies and optimization of radiation shielding. In the past, even if different results were obtained depending on calculation codes, it was difficult to clarify what caused the differences. To overcome it,...
For accurate prediction of neutronic characteristics for accelerator-driven system (ADS) and a source term of spallation neutrons for reactor physics experiments for the ADS at Kyoto University Critical Assembly (KUCA), we have launched an experimental program to measure nuclear data on ADS using the Fixed Field Alternating Gradient (FFAG) accelerator at Kyoto University (Period: October 2019...
The Accurate Neutron-Nucleus Reaction Measurement Instrument (ANNRI) beamline in the Materials and Life Science (MLF) experimental facility of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) provides the most intense neutron beam available in the world and was carefully designed to precisely measure neutron-induced reactions using the time-of-flight (TOF) method. Currently, the J-PARC...
Precise nuclear data for neutron-induced reactions are necessary for the design of nuclear transmutation system. Nevertheless, current uncertainties of nuclear data for minor actinide (MA) does not achieve requirements for the design of transmutation facilities. Measurements of the neutron capture cross section are ongoing at the Accurate Neutron Nucleus Reaction measurement Instrument (ANNRI)...
Highly precise neutron nuclear data is required in nuclear transmutation research of long-lived minor actinides (MA) in nuclear waste. In neutron capture cross section measurement, monitoring the number of the incident neutrons is necessary. However, in measurement with J-PARC/ANNRI, direct neutron monitoring system has not been employed. To make measurement with ANNRI more robust, an...
BNCT is a promising cancer therapy which kills tumor cells while suppressing exposure dose to normal tissues. Normally, the neutron field of BNCT, which is produced by a nuclear reactor or an accelerator-based neutron source, has an energy distribution spreading within thermal, epi-thermal and fast neutron regions. Because epi-thermal neutrons are generally used for BNCT, we must measure the...
<span> The elastic scattering reaction cross section data commonly show smaller in backward angles compared to those of forward angles when the energy of the incident neutron is high. However, in high neutron flux field, such as fusion reactor, the back-scattering reaction cross section is becoming not negligible on the calculation result. Until now, there were differences reported between...
A new nondestructive measurement technique has been developed to evaluate the amount of water in concrete. A concrete wall is irradiated with fast neutrons to activate a gold foil set on the concrete. By evaluating in advance the relation of the gold activity and water content by calculations, we can determine the water content in the concrete, the water content of which is not known. In this...
The double differential cross-section (DDX) of the photoneutron is an important quantity for radiation shielding and shielding calculation of the electron accelerator design. Shielding calculation is usually carried out by Monte Carlo simulation codes, which use the nuclear data library in the calculation. We measured the DDXs of the $\rm(\gamma,xn)$ reaction using 16.6 MeV polarized photon on...
To optimize disposal of low-level radioactive waste originating from decommissioning of nuclear facilities, required are 1) reliable assessment of radioactivity level by calculation and measurement and 2) a good estimate of the uncertainty of those results for the classification of radioactive waste. In order to improve the reliability of the calculations in clearance verification, we...
RIKEN Accelerator driven compact Neutron Source-II (RANS-II) based on the $^7$Li(p, n)$^7$Be reaction for neutron production with 2.49 MeV proton beam, has been under beam commissioning to demonstrate specific performance of the system. RIKEN has a prospect of realizing novel non-destructive neutron inspection for infrastructures with the use of RANS. As prominent characteristics, RANS-II has...
Reliable assessment of radioactivity in target and structural materials for high-energy accelerator facilities such as accelerator-driven systems and spallation neutron sources requires detailed information on nuclide production cross sections by spallation reactions. To obtain the systematic cross section data for nuclide productions by spallation reactions, we have conducted irradiation...
COherent Muon to Electron Transition (COMET) is an experiment at J-PARC, which will search for coherent neutrino-less conversion of a muon to an electron in muonic atoms. The experiment will be carried out in two steps: Phase-I and Phase-II. In the Phase-I experiment, 3.2 kW 8 GeV proton beam irradiates a 70-cm long graphite target to produce negative pions. The negative pions are captured in...
Recently, a small modular reactor (SMR) with inherent and passive safety has been receiving attention all over the world. In Japan, a very small modular reactor, namely, MoveluXTM(Mobile-Very-Small reactor for Local Utility in X-mark) has been developing by Toshiba Energy Systems＆Solutions Corporation. MoveluXTM is a thermal reactor that uses a calcium hydride as a...
Processing of spent fuel from nuclear power plants is a worldwide problem. The high-level radioactive waste is the product after the reprocessing of spent fuel, which includes minor actinides and fission products of radioactive waste. Especially, $^{90}$Sr (T$_{1/2}$ = 28.8 years) is the highest radiotoxic nuclide in the fission products. It is highly desired to develop nuclear transmutation...
A long-lived isotope of Hf, 175Hf (T1/2 = 70 d), is useful for basic studies for rutherfordium (Rf, Z = 104). This isotope is producible in no-carrier-added form in the proton- and deuteron-induced reactions on natLu. However, excitation functions of these nuclear reactions have been scarcely studied. In this work, we measured the excitation functions of the natLu(p,xn)175Hf and...
Quantification of radioactivity of fission products (FP) is very important for assessment of decay heat after shutdown of a core, etc. For such assessments, comprehensive data sets of fission yield and decay chain, such as JENDL/FPY&FPD-2011, have been developed. However, validation of each nuclide in such data sets has still been cumbersome. In this work, two detection techniques of FPs are...
Isotope production in spallation reaction of 93Zr and 93Nb induced by proton and deuteron
Development of energy-degraded RI beam and expansion of nuclear reaction studies
Theoretical analysis of deuteron-induced reactions and development of deuteron nuclear database
Roles and current status of reactor physics experiment in research reactors
Data-driven approaches for nuclear shell-model calculations
Exploration of automated data processing for mass production of nuclear data at RIBF
Radioisotopes (RIs) production using deuteron accelerator-based neutrons has been studying at Kyushu University. We especially focus on neutrons generated via the C or Be(d, n) reactions in a target whose thickness is thicker than the deuteron range. These reactions are selected because, (1) high intense neutrons having high kinetic energy are possible to be generated by the elastic and...
In this tutorial, I would like to briefly introduce the nuclear reactor theory.
Please keep in mind that the whole nuclear fission power plant is a too complicated system, thus it is not easy to understand the multi-physics in the nuclear power plant. From the overall view of the nuclear power plant, thermal energy via fission in the nuclear reactor core is utilized to finally generate...
Nuclear transmutation technology has been attracting attention as a method for treating high-level radioactive waste. One of the candidates is the spallation reaction using high-energy particles, especially for the nuclides with relatively small neutron-capture cross sections such as long-lived fission product (LLFP) $^{93}$Zr. The accumulation of nuclear reaction data and the development of...
Radioisotopes can be used for a variety of applications, e.g., radiotherapy and diagnostics in nuclear medicine. There are basically several reactions to produce each radioisotope. Investigations of such reactions are necessary to find better reactions with less byproducts and with higher cost effectiveness. Production cross sections of the radioisotopes are thus important nuclear data....
We have developed a method to generate nuclear data using Gaussian process regression (GPR) [1], which is one of the machine learning techniques. This method generates nuclear data by treating measured data as the training data in machine learning. GPR is based on nonparametric Bayesian inference, the generated nuclear data are expressed as a predictive distribution including uncertainty...
In order to decrease the toxic waste produced at the nuclear reactor, a study of the Accelerator Driven System (ADS) is going around the world. Since the neutron production target at ADS is designed to be irradiated by protons in the kinetic energy of several GeV, a study with the high-energy particles in the kinetic energy region around GeV is essential for the research and development of...
For nuclear spectroscopy in the vicinity of N=126 and U-238, we have developed KEK Isotope Separation System (KISS), which is an argon-gas-cell-based laser ion source combined with an on-line isotope separator, installed in the RIKEN Nishina center [1]. The nuclei around N = 126 are produced by multi-nucleon transfer reactions (MNT) [2] of Xe-136 beam (10.75 MeV/A) impinging upon a Pt-198...
At RIKEN RI Beam Factory (RIBF), we have been developing production technologies of radioisotopes (RIs) and conducting RI application studies in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, engineering, medicine, pharmaceutical and environmental sciences [1]. With light- to heavy-ion beams from the AVF cyclotron, we produce more than 100 RIs from 7Be (atomic number Z = 4) to 262Db (Z = 105)....
A 1-ampere-class high-intensity deuteron linac (ImPACT2017 model) is proposed for mitigating long-lived fission products (LLFPs) by nuclear transmutation. This accelerator consists of single-cell rf cavities with magnetic focusing elements to accelerate deuterons beyond 1A up to 200MeV/u.
Nuclear reactors are mainly categorized as two parts: a commercial power reactor; a test and research reactor for generating electric power and conducting research of radiation utilization, respectively. Of two reactors, main roles of the test and research reactor are to conduct the research and development of nuclear engineering and radiation detection fields with the use of radiation,...
Since deuteron is a weakly bound system consisting of a proton and a neutron, it easily breaks up and emits a neutron through interaction with a target nucleus. Utilizing this property, intensive neutron sources using deuteron accelerators have been proposed for not only science and engineering fields but also medical applications. For design studies of such facilities, accurate and...
Various spallation reaction models have been developed for the use of neutronic and shielding design of high-energy accelerator facilities such as J-PARC and ADS. However, their complicated theory for the de-excitation process has made improving their prediction accuracy difficult. In particular, it has been pointed out that the conventional models underestimate the yield of the spallation...
